If you buy a dog or a cat with the description stating "purebred", the federal law on animal genealogy stipulate that the animal must be registered, it's illegal to use the term "pureblood or purebred" to describe an animal that is not registered. No animal without it's registration is considered to be pureblood, even if it shows physical traits of a breed, because it can be mix with one or many other breeds and develop these physical traits when adult.

A registered animal is born from two registered parents who have breeding rights. Which means that if a male and a female are registered and do not have the right to reproduce, their offspring will not be registered by any registry. The parents may have been bought with a non-breeding contract for different reasons: bad mouth, defect in the tail, non conform colors, too large or too small for the breed, to control the overpopulation in a breed, the price for a pet is always less expensive. With the breeding rights, it's always more expensive because you're paying for the right to breed.

A responsible breeder who sells an animal as pet, meaning without breeding rights, will have it spay/neuter himself/herself before remitting it to the customer. It is not the responsibility of the buyer to have his animal spay/neuter, the new owner would take the risk to loose his dog or cat during the surgery and also his monetary investment and more would have the surgery to pay. This is nonsense.

Further more to let a pet animal go without the spay/neuter surgery invite the breeding of animals without registration papers and promote the increasing of puppy/kitty mills.

When you want to buy an animal, ask to see the registrations of the parents, write down the registration numbers of both parents. Check on the registration certificate if it is written the word "non-breeder". Phone to the registry and verify if these animals have the right to breed, at the same time take information on the breeder. An honest and experience breeder, and there are many, will give you the phone number of his/her registry with pleasure because he/she has nothing to hide.

Make sure that the breeder has the right to do breeding where he/she is situated. If the zoning is not for dog or cat breeding, there could be a seizure of the animals by the Municipality and you would loose your puppy or kitten and often your reservation deposit. A lot of breeding is done in hiding: in basement, in garages, in houses where animals live in plastic carriers and cages, because they are in residential zoning. Sometimes the dogs are devoiced (vocal cords atrophied ) so the neighbours wont notice their presence in the residence. A residence is not an adapted place to do breeding of dogs and cats. In these places you will not get an invoice, these sales are under the table, and if you get an invoice it will be a fictive one, without PST or GST. These types of breeders change their addresses often, so your guaranties means nothing. Life guaranties are done to stimulate buying and do not mean anything, because each topic can be contested, and a breeder can stop breeding this particular breed or cease breeding totally. It is not an economy to buy this way and it's also very risky.

Some people will state in their publicity that their dogs live with them in their house, not in a kennel, like if breeding in a kennel was bad. This is a form of publicity which addresses to customers who perceive that the dog is best treated in a residence, it's a trick to boost a sale and win the trust of the buyer. Breeding and raising dogs in a kennel, is the best way for them to enjoy life each day of the week and 24 hours on 24.

Having 2 dogs in a residence is accepted in many municipalities, but when one advertise many breeding animals in a residence, this is physically impossible to give a good life to dogs, the living space is not adapted. Breeding animals mark their territory with urine, the odours would be unbearable, the barking would warned the neighbours and the big question is: Who care for the dogs when the people are at work or when they go out ? Are they always free in the house or only when you visit them.

The breeding of dogs demands large local well ventilated and qualify personal, which means who have study and obtain their diploma. To be Cynologist is a profession which demand studies and a lot of time and money investment.

One must be careful about publicities which encourage the sale of puppies calling upon your tenderness, comparing them to young children, boosting their extreme smallness or their rare colours. There are also those publicities bases on beauty titles, those are not guaranties of health nor guaranties for good temperament, these are simply beauty title. The beauty is in the eyes of the person who judges. As a consumer you can also perceive beauty and judge if the animal pleases you and if it is the one for you.

A health bulletin from the veterinary clinic is not a registration certificate. The pedigree is not a registration certificate. Only the official registry can issue a registration.

HOW THE REGISTRATION WORKS ??
1. The breeder fill a declaration of litter.
2. The breeder receive from his official registry a sheet for each animal in the litter.
3. The breeder with his customer choose a name for the animal.
4. The breeder write down the tattoo number and the date at which it was done.
5. The breeder write down the name and address of the buyer and mail it to his registry with the moneys.
6. The breeder receive the certificate of registration at his business place or it is mail directly to the buyer depending on the choice made on the registration form.

What is a kennel name ?

Everyone can obtain "a kennel name" from an official registry. All that is need is to choose a name, register it and pay the registration fee.

What is the use of "a kennel name" ?

That's the name which tells who did produce a litter. As an example, if I produce a litter each of my puppies will have my kennel name in front of their name.
Example: SIGNORI Huge Love

If one of my stud breed a bitch from another breeder, I can add my kennel name at the end of the puppy name.
Example: Huge Love of SIGNORI

A kennel name, from whatever official registry is not a business trademark. As an example the name of our kennel at the Canadian Kennel Club is "SIGNORI". The name of the business trademark is "Les Élevages Signori Inc".

A "kennel name" does not mean that the animals take advantage of a kennel building for living, nor that the person uses a building adapted to do breeding.

Example of real buildings adapted to the needs of different animals:

• Horses : horse stable
• Cows : cattle barn
• Pigs : pigsty
• Chicken : henhouse
• Dogs : kennel
• Cats : cattery

It is better to go to well established breeders who work in the open and who do business at the same place since a long time. The duration of small breeding in houses is, in accordance with statistic, of about 6 to 8 years and then people disappear. The breeding of pets animals is a hard and expensive work, it is a work that require much knowledge, dedication, passion and adequate facilities. It is not a work where you will become rich in money. If you want to become a breeder to make money or to reimburse the cost of your animal, forget it because you will be part of the breeders statistic which last from 6 to 8 years and you will go out of it poorer and disenchanted.

Before any buying:

• Shop for your breeder.
• Informed yourself on what you need.
• On what is convenient to your way of life and your personal taste.
• What will be your budget.
• Choose your veterinarian.
• Where will live your animal.
• Who will have access to your animal.
• Who will clean up the poop.
• Who will do the ritual walk with the pet.
• Find a place for it when you go on vacation or if you are sick.
• Your animal will need education. You can participated in an obedience course with it or buy a book on the subject and do yourself its education. It is often more interesting to learn in group, because the animal must be well educated even out of its home.
• If you cannot keep anymore your animal, will the breeder take it back ? Does he/she has the space and the capacity to take it back ? See that it is written before going away with your new puppy or kitten.

• There are the peoples who put 2 dogs of opposite sexes together to make puppies and make some surplus money. This is not the ideal buying for a future serious owner because in such a situation there is a lot of ignorance.
  
  

• There are those who participate in conformation competitions and make an occasional litter to produce the most beautiful puppy and compete as a sport, to cover themselves with glory and to socialise. This is the hobby breeder.
  
  

• The hobby breeder can also be a breeder, which is on his/her way to become a “Professional Breeder”. Like he/she can be a hobbyist who desire to remain a hobbyist, because it is the sportive side of breeding that attract and interest him/her, which is the competition for beauty and obedience.
  
  

• There is the breeder who start in his residence with 2 dogs, to see if breeding is for him/her. Most of them will make a litter and will not make another one. The puppies will usually go free to relative or friends.
  
  

• Others will persist to finally abandon by lack of time because they must go to work outside the house to earn their living and the animals remain alone. There is also the lack of knowledge, money, and bad zoning which force them to live in fear to be discover and denounced. Those incrusted breedings last about 6 to 8 years, but meanwhile sales with guaranties are made. When the person stop his/her activities, you will be facing nothing, adios the guaranties, adios the reservation deposit. At your risks and peril.
  
  

• The puppy mills, which we hear about so often, has different descriptions depending of the person to whom we talk to. The term puppy mills is also very much used by other breeders to defamed other breeders, those are usually small breeders which are themselves badly install in private residence and without the right to operate a kennel and who want with this scary word wash away your suspicion. A sort of smoke screen to blind you. You will be able to visit them because they will show you what they are willing to show and will not want to loose a sale by refusing your visit. The spreading of diseases from on place to another do not bother them, for the goal is the sale not the security of their animals. The animals live there in small spaces, are not care properly (heating, ventilation, feeding, constant water, vaccination, veterinary visits, grooming, education) and often they are not registered, it is the result of a lot of ignorance of animals management. Also sometimes they have dogs and cats placed somewhere else in other residences, to make more hidden breedings, and if there are complaints by the neighbours, the animals will travel from one residence to another. These animals are clandestine, hiding, without papers, without much care and grooming, at the mercy of profit. Those are animals that these people don't even know, so the answers to your questions will be about anything, because they have no contact with then so they don't know them. Very careless buying, highly risky and which encourage the abuse of animals.
  
  

• The professional breeder is the one who is the most secure for the buyer. Educated in the knowledge of pet animals, holding a diploma or diplomas, well situated, with a right to operate breeding in a real kennel, owning a trademark, able to make a real invoice and to give you solid guaranties. This type of breeders are available for his customers and can offer different services, like boarding, grooming evaluation, courses, etc. His/her animals are always registered and you will always get your registrations. If he/she doesn't raise the breed that you want and dream about, he/she will direct you to other good breeders. This is the ideal breeder you should look for.